Law and Innovation Society journal (ISSN 2309-9275) is an open access electronic journal founded by the Scientific and Research Institute of Providing Legal Framework for the Innovative Development of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine and published 4 times a year. The journal was included into the List of scientific professional editions of Ukraine group «Б» 081 "Law" (Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine order № 409 of 17 March 2020). Law and Innovation Society journal accepts for publication theoretical and empirical research on legal and economic issues (management and administration). In particular, the journal encourages research that covers current issues of legal science, proposals for improving national legislation, achieving foreign legal science, and research on the formation and development of financial and banking systems in Ukraine and the world, research in economics and business management. The journal accepts articles in the field of knowledge 081 "Law", 293 "International Law". Law and Innovation Society journal conducts double-blind reviews to provide original and high-quality legal and management and administration research. Founder and publisher: Scientific and Research Institute of Providing Legal Framework for the Innovative Development of National Academy of Law Sciences of Ukraine. EDRPOU Code: 36988898. Institute website https://ndipzir.org.ua/
Науково-дослідний інститут правового забезпечення інноваційного розвитку НАПрН України НАПрН України
Impact of innovative technologies for the mined land release and ecosystem recovery: new legal approaches and ukrainian experience
The article discusses new ways to effectively influence the release of mined land and restore its ecological use. The purpose of this article is to analyze Ukraine’s experience in implementing innovative technologies at various stages of humanitarian demining (in particular, land release) and the potential restoration of ecosystems; to systematize key aspects of updating the legal framework for mine action and the emergence of the humanitarian demining market; and to attempt to identify new legal approaches. The research methodology is based on the use of a dialectical approach, abstraction, and methods of logical and comparative analysis. Since Ukraine was subjected to large-scale armed aggression by the Russian Federation, which resulted in massive mining of large areas, including agricultural land, there is a need to survey and clear them of mines. However, with conservative methods, this can take decades and the cost of demining services is constantly rising. Ukraine’s experience shows that innovative robotic and digital technologies can reduce labor costs, reduce environmental impact, and accelerate all stages of mine action, making it more efficient. The author analyzes Ukraine’s legal approaches to improving the legal regulation of the relationships under study, revitalizing innovation, and restoring affected ecosystems.
Legal and regulatory framework of nuclear safety in Ukraine: strategic directions and long-term prospects
The article examines the legal and regulatory framework for ensuring nuclear safety in Ukraine. It is determined that nuclear safety issues require comprehensive legal and scholarly analysis in order to form effective state regulatory mechanisms, strategic directions for increasing the resilience of critical infrastructure and ensuring the adaptation of national legislation to European Union standards. The article reviews scholarly and theoretical developments related to the subject matter, which emphasize the relevance of the chosen topic. The author analyzes provisions of the Law of Ukraine «On National Security», current legislative trends in the field of ensuring nuclear safety. In particular, the provisions of the draft Law of Ukraine «On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine «On National Security of Ukraine» regarding the implementation of the Strategy for Chemical, Biological, Radiation and Nuclear Safety» No. 15128 dated April 3, 2026 are studied. It is noted that the adoption of the draft law will contribute to the formation of a comprehensive strategic document of longterm planning and a clear interdepartmental mechanism for interaction between security and defense forces, health care and civil protection agencies in the event of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear incidents, which is critical importance in the context of martial law and the need to strengthen national resilience, increase readiness to respond to chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear threats. Based on the results of this legal study of nuclear safety issues in Ukraine, the study concludes that the priority of developing the nuclear safety sector as a component of the national security of the state and the essential basis for the sustainable functioning of the economic system of Ukraine.
Legal support for the renewal and modernization of Ukraine’s energy infrastructure
The article is devoted to the study of legal issues of ensuring the renewal and modernization of the energy infrastructure of Ukraine. The scientific work was prepared within the framework of the fundamental research topic “Theoretical and legal foundations of innovative development of the energy system” (state registration number: 0124U005149). It is established that the issues of energy security, reconstruction and modernization of the energy infrastructure are currently of key importance, taking into account the role of the energy sector in the development of the national economy. The provisions of current legislation, strategic planning document, which is a component of the system for ensuring national security, strategic documents that define national sustainable development goals and budget planning are analyzed. The need to improve the regulatory framework of the issues of reconstruction and modernization of the energy infrastructure of Ukraine is emphasized. It is noted that the analysis of the content of strategic documents, the norms of current legislation and the dynamics of legislative work in the energy sector indicates the need to apply a comprehensive and systematic approach to the legal framework of the reconstruction and modernization of Ukraine’s energy infrastructure, focused on integration into the European energy space. In the context of large-scale destruction that the energy sector has suffered as a result of military aggression against Ukraine, the need to form an effective mechanism for legal framework for the reconstruction and modernization of energy infrastructure is objectively justified. Alongside strengthening state policy in the field of energy sector development, further improvement is required in the areas of regulatory coherence of current legislation, the creation of favorable conditions for stimulating innovation and investment activities, the restoration of energy capacities, and the implementation of European standards, which contributes to the development of an effective energy infrastructure and strengthening the energy security of Ukraine.
Adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to EU standards in the field of scientific and technical cooperation in the agro-industrial complex
The scientific paper, conducted within the framework of the fundamental research project “Theoretical and Legal Principles of Ensuring the Innovative Development of Ukraine’s Agriculture in the Context of European Integration” (UkrISTEI Reg. No. 0125U003844), explores the theoretical and practical aspects of adapting Ukrainian legislation to European Union standards in the field of scientific and technical cooperation within the agro-industrial complex (AIC). The study analyzes key acts of the acquis communautaire regulating innovative activities in agriculture, specifically the mechanisms of the European Innovation Partnership (EIP-AGRI). Discrepancies between Ukraine’s current regulatory framework and modern European requirements regarding technology transfer and the legal status of scientific institutions as market entities are identified. Based on a comparative legal analysis, specific steps for legislative harmonization are proposed to facilitate investment in joint scientific-agricultural projects and enhance the competitiveness of the national agricultural sector in the international market. The necessity of transitioning from declarative norms to specific legal mechanisms of public-private partnership is substantiated. The author proposes a conceptual framework for the phased adaptation of the regulatory base, including the reform of the intellectual property protection system for breeding achievements and the introduction of tax incentives for joint scientific and production projects. The study’s conclusions can be utilized by legislative entities to improve the Laws of Ukraine “On Scientific and Scientific-Technical Activity” and “On the Principles of State Agricultural Policy and State Policy for Rural Development,” as well as by agricultural enterprises to develop legal strategies for cooperation with scientific centers.
Virtual property and digital heritage: theoretical and legal aspects
The rapid digitization of social relations and the transition to Web 3.0 ecosystems are triggering a fundamental crisis in classical legal doctrines. The emergence of virtual worlds, where digital assets hold real economic value, demands an immediate rethinking of the boundaries of legal regulation regarding property and inheritance. Traditional legal constructs prove relevant only to the physical world, leaving a “gray area” in legal relations concerning intangible objects in metaverses. The aim of this work is to conduct a comprehensive theoretical and legal analysis of the transformation of the institutions of virtual property and digital inheritance, as well as to justify the need to adapt national legislation to the challenges of algorithmic and cryptographic asset regulation. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific and specialized methods. The dialectical method was used to analyze the evolution of the concept of “property” in the digital age. A comparative approach allowed for the comparison of regulatory strategies of different jurisdictions regarding NFTs and cryptocurrencies. A systemic-structural analysis was applied to identify conflicts between the norms of inheritance law and the mandatory terms of service (Terms of Service) of transnational IT corporations. The article proposes, for the first time, to consider virtual property not as a derivative of classical property rights, but as a specific form of digital subjectivity. The paper argues for the introduction of the category of “digital property” as a distinct object of civil rights, characterized by uniqueness, transferability, and verifiability through blockchain registries. A hypothesis is put forward regarding the need to recognize a “right to digital death,” which would harmonize the interests of heirs with the testator’s right to privacy and confidentiality of correspondence. It is demonstrated that avatars in metaverses can be granted the status of quasi-legal entities within specific gaming or management ecosystems. It is established that the key obstacle to the legitimization of virtual property is the platforms’ monopoly on control over digital content. It has been determined that digital inheritance encompasses not only financial assets but also socio-communicative capital (accounts, reputation ratings). Critical contradictions between inheritance law and algorithmic restrictions on access to accounts have been identified. It is argued that the “Law-as-Code” concept should become a tool for ensuring the automatic transfer of rights to digital assets via smart contracts The author notes that maintaining anthropocentrism in the realm of digital property is possible only if human rights are recognized as taking precedence over the commercial interests of technology owners. It is concluded that the integration of virtual objects into the general system of civil law objects is inevitable through an expanded interpretation of the content of property rights in virtual space.
European integration directions of legal ensurance of the preservation and reproduction of the natural resource base
The study is devoted to determining the European integration directions of legal support for the preservation and reproduction of the country’s natural resource base. The relevance of the work is due to the increase in environmental risks, climate change, which leads to significant losses in nature. The performed comparative analysis of regulatory regulation of biodiversity conservation strategies emphasized the kinship of actions to strengthen adaptive directions of legal regulation with EU countries of the processes of preservation and reproduction of nature with confirmation of the transition to a model of sustainable development and the formation of ecosystems, which is a priority for the EU environmental policy. The performed analysis of European approaches showed that. Ukraine’s European integration aspirations and the field of environmental law should be implemented in the development of legislative and regulatory regulation of biodiversity conservation, improvement of environmental control, prevention of the negative impact of climate change, taking into account the challenges of martial law. An operational tool for assessing risk responses can be the Google Trends search engine, which determines the level of interest in the topic of biodiversity in the world, individual EU countries and Ukraine, which allows for different time periods to obtain data on the level of search activity of the selected topic under study, which is taken into account in making decisions to improve the legal support for environmental protection measures. An additional advantage of the online resource is the geographical criterion for comparing EU countries with Ukraine. The practical significance lies in the ability to provide specific recommendations for improving the quality and effectiveness of regulatory impact on the environment. The considered draft of changes to state environmental control is standard, therefore, it can only partially resolve the issue of transition to a sustainable development model. The creation of the Emerald Network is aimed at ensuring the adaptation legal processes of the European Natura 2000 network for the protection of wildlife. The development of strategies for the restoration of natural resources (in particular forests) based on European standards is a further opportunity for progress in ensuring the preservation and reproduction of the natural resource base of Ukraine in the context of European integration, which will be further facilitated by the introduction of mandatory reporting by companies on sustainable development.
Electric vehicle as a multifunctional object of legal relations within smart grids: European experience and prospects for Ukraine
The article examines the transformation of the legal nature of electric vehicles as a multifunctional object of legal relations within Smart Grids under the conditions of digitalization of energy systems and the integration of Ukraine into the European energy space. It is substantiated that, in modern energy systems, electric vehicles perform not only a transport function but also act as elements of electricity consumption, storage, and supply, which necessitates a comprehensive legal regulation of their participation in energy markets. It is demonstrated that the development of electric mobility in combination with Smart Grids technologies, Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), and demand response mechanisms creates new challenges for the legal regulation of energy and digital relations, particularly in the areas of cybersecurity and personal data protection. It is established that there is a fragmented and insufficiently defined regulatory framework governing the legal status of aggregators and V2G mechanisms in Ukrainian law, which hinders their full integration into energy markets. It is emphasized that current Ukrainian legislation requires harmonization with the EU acquis, particularly regarding the development of charging infrastructure and the implementation of cyber-resilience standards. It is concluded that the implementation of European approaches creates legal prerequisites for the integration of electric mobility into energy systems and for enhancing Ukraine’s energy resilience.
An innovative approach to language assessment of media content of justice bodies
The study is devoted to the development of an innovative approach to the linguistic assessment of media content of justice bodies. The relevance of the work is due to the significance of public communication of justice bodies for the formation of public trust in state institutions. The proposed innovative approach expands traditional content analysis and integrates methods for assessing the linguistic component with the analysis of the legal terminological base and the composition of communicative content. Its basis is the assessment of news texts of the website of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine according to a set of criteria: information sufficiency of volume, accessibility of language, user orientation and saturation with professional presentation of legal documents. The purpose of the approach is to provide a potential measurement in linguistic assessment of the density of use of legal terminology for a deeper application of the professional communicative component of the general competence of justice body specialists due to the need to orient future lawyers to a higher level of development of strategic communicative management skills. The practical significance lies in the opportunity to consider specific recommendations for improving the quality and effectiveness of communication between justice bodies and the public. The interdisciplinary aspects of innovative development of society through the legal and communication component are summarized, where the assessment of the richness of legal terminology was carried out based on the media content of news from the justice body. The applied innovative approach to linguistic assessment can determine a new dimension of modern changes in the legal parameters of communication notifications for both professionals and a wide range of consumers. The use of such an approach will contribute to increasing the transparency and clarity of legal discourse, which is a priority for the implementation of the principles of the rule of law and open government.
Postgraduate Student at the Department of European Union Law, Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University
The study of the problem of legal regulation of international freight transportation in the context of European integration is relevant for domestic legal science for several reasons. Further internationalization of economic relations leads to an increase in the volume of international trade and the exchange of goods and services between states, which creates a significant demand for international transportation, the relations of which require proper legal regulation. As a primary task, it is possible to outline the study of the foundations of modern legal regulation of TEN-T within EU legislation and doctrine, as well as the identification of guidelines for forming mechanisms to ensure the rights and interests of participants in the national transport system when creating tools and mechanisms for international freight transportation, joining TEN-T, and adapting Ukrainian legislation to EU law. An important direction of legal regulation of freight transportation is the formation of legal mechanisms for the functioning of the Trans-European Transport Network. The update of European legislation regarding the Trans-European Transport Network and transport corridors took place with the adoption of Regulation (EU) 2024/1679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 on Union guidelines for the development of the trans-European transport network, amending Regulations (EU) 2021/1153 and (EU) No. 913/2010 and repealing Regulation (EU) No. 1315/2013, which also requires consideration in the legislation of Ukraine. The development of multimodal transport infrastructure, and in the future intermodal transport, practically from an initial level provides an opportunity for legislative regulation of the restructuring of Ukraine’s transport system directly, bypassing the previously completed stages of TEN-T development. Key legislative changes in Ukraine should provide for new conditions for administrative and sectoral regulation, as well as for the coordination of major transportation flows in rail, road, and other modes of transport, with technical, technological, and legal adaptation to the TEN-T.
Application by the court of measures to prevent abuse of procedural rights in civil proceedings
The article examines measures aimed at preventing abuse of procedural rights in civil proceedings through the prism of the provisions of Article 44 of the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine. An analysis of Part 4 of Article 44 of the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine makes it possible to conclude that the court is entrusted with the obligation to take measures to prevent abuse of procedural rights, namely preventive measures, which consist in preventing the use of procedural rights contrary to their intended purpose. At the same time, in cases of abuse of procedural rights by a participant in judicial proceedings, the court is obliged to apply to such participant the measures provided for by the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine. Taking into account the provisions of the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine on the inadmissibility of such actions in civil proceedings (Part 1 of Article 44 of the CPC of Ukraine), which establishes a direct legal prohibition on their commission, as well as the obligation of the court to take measures to prevent abuse of procedural rights, it may be concluded that the court, within the limits of its powers, is obliged to implement preventive measures aimed at preventing participants in judicial proceedings from abusing procedural rights. Since abuse of a procedural right arises from the moment when a participant in judicial proceedings performs a procedural action aimed at exercising such a right, measures aimed at overcoming the negative consequences for civil proceedings as a whole are of particular importance for civil justice. The court must take into account the specific features of the structure of civil proceedings both when taking measures to prevent abuse of procedural rights and when applying the measures provided for by the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine in cases of abuse of procedural rights by participants in judicial proceedings. The application by the court of the measures provided for by the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine in cases of abuse of procedural rights by a participant in judicial proceedings should take place exclusively with due regard to the circumstances of the case and the objectives of civil proceedings. In addition, the application of the measures provided for by the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine to a participant in judicial proceedings must be carried out taking into account the normative limits of the stage of civil proceedings at which the action of the participant, recognized by the court as an abuse of procedural rights, was committed.
principle of inadmissibility of abuse of procedural rights
measures to prevent abuse of procedural rights
Legal issues of control of budgetary financing of startups
The article examines the legal issues of controlling budget financing of startups in Ukraine. The scientific work was carried out within the framework of the fundamental research topic “Theoretical and legal foundations of innovative development of the energy system” (state registration number: 0124U005149). The relevance of the topic is driven by the need to ensure the effective use of limited state resources amidst the active development of Ukraine’s innovation ecosystem and strategic defense requirements. The aim of the study is to define the means of ensuring the effective use of budget funds for financing startups within the innovation ecosystem. The theoretical framework is based on research and findings regarding the necessity of: utilizing budget funds based on the principles of efficiency and effectiveness, particularly under the conditions of the state’s limited financial resources; regulating state support and ensuring its alignment with the needs of business entities; combining various types of economic and legal instruments to achieve the highest level of efficiency in state regulation (including financial and economic audits). The mechanism for utilizing state funds cannot function without effective guarantees of legislative compliance, the foremost of which is the establishment of economic and legal sanctions. It is crucial to establish a systematic approach to the methods and forms of legal liability for relevant authorized bodies, institutions, and business entities to prevent offenses in the field of public finance. In conclusion, the conducted research can serve as a basis for defining the synergy between the innovative activities of startups as business entities and the state regulation of the innovation ecosystem in Ukraine. The result may lead to the optimal alignment of state support for startups with the characteristic risks and threats in their activities, as well as a robust financial and economic audit of budget funds. Finally, improving the control of budget expenditures will contribute to the fulfillment of part of Ukraine’s obligations to the EU.
Single Authorized State Authority for Intellectual Property Protection in the Republic of Croatia, Hungary and the Kingdom of Sweden: Legal Aspects
Intellectual property protection is one of the phenomena that requires increased attention in the legal direction. Imperfect legislation leads to the complete absence or low indicators of innovation activity in every country, including the EU. In several EU countries (for example, the Republic of Croatia, Hungary and the Kingdom of Sweden) only one authority has been authorized to deal with such issues. In each of these EU countries an analysis of the national legislative framework is carried out, which determines the legal status of the authority: the State Intellectual Property Office of the Republic of Croatia, the Hungarian Intellectual Property Office and the Swedish Patent and Registration Office or the Swedish Intellectual Property Office in English. Their subordination and financing are examined. It is established that only the Hungarian Intellectual Property Office is self-financing. The result is exclusively supervision by the Minister of Culture and Innovation. Supervision is a passive action and, accordingly, conditional, because all relations between this minister and the authority take the form of stating facts. Tasks and powers provided for each authority in national legislation are analyzed. A comparative legal analysis of the tasks assigned to certain organisational divisions was conducted at the State Intellectual Property Office of the Republic of Croatia. Both positive (for example, double checking) and negative aspects (for example, assigning tasks that are not inherent to certain organisational divisions of this authority; the powers of the authority are in various legal acts and aren’t presented in the form of a single list) were identified. The tasks assigned to its organisational divisions were also analyzed in the Hungarian Intellectual Property Office. The result was that several organisational divisions of this authority specialize in the legal protection of intellectual property. In the author’s opinion, it is necessary to reorganize these divisions and their assigned tasks. However, the author’s recommendations aren’t included in the study, as the Hungarian Intellectual Property Office is self-financing. The legislation of the Kingdom of Sweden is in the process of formation in the analyzed direction, as a new model of legal status has been formed, where there are no rights or tasks, and only powers. It is not possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of the new model, in the author’s opinion, because there is no reliable and complete statistical information on the Eurostat website. The author suggests that the Republic of Croatia and Hungary adopt the experience of the Kingdom of Sweden regarding the new model of legal status.
Modernization of the agricultural sector in Ukraine: strategic prospects and legal challenges
The article considers some legal aspects of the modernization at agrarian sector in Ukraine. The author analyzed the regulatory framework for determining strategic goals and directions of modernization at agrarian sector. It is established that consideration of modernization issues in Ukraine’s agrarian sector is extremely relevant given its strategic importance for ensuring food security and sustainable development of the national economy. It is noted that issues related to the legal support of modernization processes, harmonization of national legislation with European standards and the formation of effective mechanisms of state support for business entities of the agro-industrial complex under martial law are characterized by increased relevance and require in-depth scientific and legal analysis aimed at identifying gaps in legal regulation and developing systemic proposals to ensure innovative, competitive and environmentally balanced development of Ukraine’s agrarian market. The strategic definition of the goal of modernizing the agrarian sector, as well as the regulation of tasks for its implementation, confirms the importance of these key vectors of the contemporary development of the agrarian sector. The defined tasks aimed at the development of processing enterprises, the formation of an effective system of knowledge and innovation transfer, and the introduction of digital technologies correspond to pan-European trends in agrarian policy. However, the mere adoption of strategic and programmatic documents does not guarantee their effective implementation. Therefore, the key factors remain the availability of effective mechanisms for the practical implementation of declared provisions, proper monitoring, and the adaptation of regulatory mechanisms to the current conditions of martial law and the post-war recovery of Ukraine’s national economy. The article concludes that ensuring modernization processes in Ukraine’s agrarian sector must be systemic in nature and supported by appropriate legal regulation, including within strategic planning documents, while taking into account internal transformation challenges and external integration obligations. The need for comprehensive and consistent modernization of the agrarian sector is substantiated, particularly through the improvement of state agrarian policy implementation instruments, the legislative framework, and the formation of an institutionally capable model of legal regulation in this field.
Characteristics of forms and methods of personnel management in forensic institutions of Ukraine
The purpose of the article is to outline the forms and methods of personnel management in forensic institutions of Ukraine, to determine the features of their implementation in forensic activities. It has been established that the form of personnel management in forensic institutions should be understood as the external expression of the activities of personnel management of forensic institutions, which reflects its essence, goals, objectives, content and features. The main forms of personnel management in forensic institutions of Ukraine are identified and their characteristics are given. It is proposed to understand the methods of personnel management in forensic institutions of Ukraine as a system of legally defined methods, methods or means of implementing effective personnel management in forensic institutions, which aims to provide the institution with qualified personnel for the most effective organization of the activities of personnel management entities. It is proposed to systematize methods of personnel management in forensic institutions in the following areas: universal methods of personnel management, used in various areas of legal relations; special methods of personnel management that take into account the specifics of the activities of forensic institutions and the requirements for forensic experts; their components are given.
Sustainable use and restoration of land in the legal framework for environmental and resource security
The article examines the place of sustainable land use and restoration in the legal framework for environmental and resource security in Ukraine in the context of wartime and post-war challenges. It is argued that land, as a basic element of the country’s natural resource potential, performs economic, social, and environmental functions simultaneously and therefore requires a special legal regime for its use, protection, and restoration. It is argued that land degradation, pollution, and damage, exacerbated by the armed aggression of the Russian Federation, pose a significant threat not only to the ecological, but also to the food, economic, and overall national security of Ukraine. These circumstances require the search for effective organizational and legal methods and tools to preserve the national resource base and ensure guarantees for the realization of both land and environmental rights of citizens. The authors analyze doctrinal approaches to understanding ecological and resource security, its relationship with environmental, economic, and food security, and define the substantive characteristics of the categories of sustainable, ecologically balanced land use and land restoration. The content of the principle of priority of environmental safety requirements in land legislation is revealed, in particular through the provisions of the Land Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine “On Land Protection” and other normative acts that establish the obligations of landowners and land users to preserve soil fertility and prevent negative anthropogenic impact on the state of land resources. Particular attention is paid to legal responses to violations of environmental standards in land use, in particular the termination of land rights. It is concluded that the formation of an effective organizational and legal model for the sustainable use and restoration of land is a necessary prerequisite for ensuring environmental and resource security, fulfilling Ukraine’s European integration commitments, and successfully implementing the post-war restoration of the state.
Features of planning in innovative activities
The article is devoted to the study of the features of innovative activity and the analysis of the specifics of planning of innovative projects in order to adapt the legislation of Ukraine to modern trends in innovative development. The scientific work identifies the features of innovation activity and compares them with standard business. The forms of results of innovation activity are analyzed: outputs, outcomes and impacts. It is found that impacts are of a deferred nature and may carry risks for society, the environment, human health, etc. It is argued that between the stages of the innovation cycle there are differences in the nature of uncertainties, risks, priorities, and resource needs, which necessitates the development of separate plans for each of them. It is proven that taking into account critical risks is an important component of innovation project planning. The feasibility of phased development of innovative project plans, combining classical and flexible planning methods, is substantiated. Based on the results of the study, it is proposed to harmonize the provisions of the Laws of Ukraine «On Innovation Activity» and «On Scientific and Scientific-Technical Activity» regarding innovation projects, to introduce a holistic mechanism of state support for innovation activity, unified regulatory requirements and methodological recommendations for planning of innovation projects for each stage of the innovation cycle.
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Specific features of the legal protection of internally displaced persons in Ukraine during the war
The article examines the specific features of the legal protection and internal migration dynamics of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Ukraine during the full-scale war, with particular emphasis on the evolution of their legal status, settlement patterns, and regional disparities in access to rights and services. The study analyses the regulatory framework established by the Law of Ukraine “On Ensuring the Rights and Freedoms of Internally Displaced Persons” and key governmental acts adopted after 2022, highlighting the transformation of state support mechanisms and the growing role of digital governance tools such as Diia. Special attention is given to the administrative challenges associated with repeated displacement, fragmented social service provision, and the uneven capacity of local governments to accommodate large influxes of displaced populations. The article identifies the main internal migration routes formed since the beginning of the war, demonstrating that IDPs predominantly settle in the western and central regions of Ukraine due to higher security, greater availability of social infrastructure, and stronger municipal support systems. Using current analytical data from IOM, UNHCR, and recent academic studies, the research shows that settlement patterns are shaped by a combination of safety considerations, labour market opportunities, housing availability, and established community networks. The study also reviews the legal and administrative difficulties that IDPs face in host regions, including disparities in financial assistance distribution, unequal access to social housing, inconsistencies in local registration procedures, and challenges in accessing medical and educational services. These problems reveal systemic vulnerabilities in Ukraine’s internal displacement governance model, especially in regions experiencing the highest population inflows. Despite significant progress in legislative development, the protection of IDPs remains affected by local capacity gaps, digital inequality, and the need for stronger interregional coordination. The article concludes that the long-term stabilisation of IDP status in Ukraine requires further harmonisation of legal norms, enhanced municipal support mechanisms, and sustainable integration policies tailored to the needs of displaced communities. Strengthening institutional resilience, expanding housing programmes, and ensuring equal access to rights across regions will be essential to securing durable solutions for millions of displaced Ukrainians during and after the war.
Legal problems of implementing the public service obligation to protect general social interests in the process of functioning the electricity market on competition
The article considers the current issues of the impact of some regulatory measures of the state on competition in the electricity market of Ukraine. The scientific work was prepared within the framework of the fundamental research topic «Theoretical and legal foundations of innovative development of the energy system» (state registration number: 0124U005149). The main aspects of the legal regulation of the imposition of the public service obligation (PSO) to ensure public interests in the functioning of the electricity market in Ukraine are identified. The regulation of the issue of imposing public service obligations in the specified area in the European Union is studied, as well as the reservations regarding the application of such a mechanism. It is established that the most common PSO in the field of the functioning of the electricity market is “PSO for households”. The advantages and positive impact of the mechanism of imposing public service obligations are analyzed, and the main disadvantages of the specified mechanism, including for competition, are substantiated. It is substantiated that the imposition of public service obligations by the state on participants in the electricity market has a significant impact on competition, and the establishment of regulated prices for electricity for the population is a fundamentally distorting measure for competition. The need for the state to determine clear conditions, content, procedure, and terms for imposing public service obligations on participants in the electricity market is stated. Recommendations are provided on replacing the mechanism of imposing public service obligations to ensure public interests in the process of functioning of the electricity market with other instruments that would provide the population with electricity in a balanced manner, taking into account the socio-economic aspect, and, at the same time, have fewer negative consequences for ensuring competition in the electricity market of Ukraine.
Pragmatics of Irish and Australian English: implications for legal and intercultural communication
The article is dedicated to the study of the pragmatic features of the Irish and Australian varieties of English within legal and intercultural discourse. A corpus-based and linguo-pragmatic analysis of selected Irishisms (Gaeltacht, Taoiseach, Oireachtas) and Australisms (Appeasement, Court of Petty Sessions, Tent Embassy) is applied. Our choice of these specific culturally marked realia could be explained by their active usage in legal contexts (proven by the corpus data) and their direct impact on the processes of diplomatic communication (proven by our qualitative analysis). These lexemes not only contain nationally specific concepts but also perform institutional and pragmatic functions. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the treaty and legal framework of Ukrainian–Irish and Ukrainian–Australian relations, especially after 2014 and 2022, when cooperation in the areas of security, humanitarian aid, and cultural diplomacy acquired a new dimension. Methodologically, the study is based on quantitative analysis of data from the Global Web-Based English (GloWbE) digital corpus combined with qualitative research methods, which includes: discourse analysis, content analysis, and pragmatic interpretation of legal documents and governmental publications. The article identifies three main strategies of translating culturally marked realia: (1) retention of the original, (2) adaptation (phonetic or through transliteration), and (3) descriptive translation. Through linguo-pragmatic analysis of the data, the authors conclude that in translation into Ukrainian it is important to maintain a balance between preserving authenticity and ensuring clarity for recipients. Several cases of unawareness of the cultural context of Ireland and Australia were revealed in the study, which in turn led to misinterpretation. To prevent such situations, the application of descriptive translation is recommended, since comprehensibility and precision are crucial in legal discourse. The practical significance of the study lies in identifying the influence of the aforementioned Irishisms and Australisms from the lexico-semantic field of “Law” on legal communication and translation practice. The results demonstrate a close interrelationship between law and language, and the conclusions reached may prove useful in teaching, translation, and negotiation practice.
Derivatives market in Ukraine: current trends and prospects for development
Derivatives are gradually gaining recognition as essential tools for managing various types of financial and price risks, improving market predictability, and promoting the sustainable development of exchange activities. Despite their evident potential, the domestic derivatives segment remains underdeveloped compared to that of advanced economies, mainly due to limited market liquidity, insufficient institutional capacity, low investor awareness, and the absence of an integrated regulatory environment that would ensure balanced, transparent market functioning. This article examines the role and effectiveness of derivatives as key instruments in the context of exchange and financial market activities in Ukraine. It emphasizes the importance of exchange-traded derivatives and highlights the contribution of exchange infrastructure to ensuring the reliability, transparency, and efficiency of derivative transactions. The study applies a set of methods, including comparative analysis, economic and statistical approaches, graphical modelling, which allow for the identification of major market trends, interdependencies, factors influencing their dynamics. The ultimate aim of the study is to determine how the use of derivatives contributes to financial stability, risk mitigation, the integration of the Ukrainian derivatives market into the global financial system, while outlining the prospects for its sustainable development.
Corporate reporting on sustainable development in Ukraine: analysis of the current state of legal regulation and prospects for implementation
This article focuses on studying the current legal regulations and prospects for implementing corporate reporting on sustainable development in Ukraine. It analyzes the implementation of European standards for corporate reporting on sustainable development, identifies the challenges and obstacles that arise when introducing corporate reporting into national business practice and legislation. The implementation of corporate sustainability reporting is closely related to legal practice and theory need to develop legislation that will create a legal basis for this type of reporting in Ukraine. Reporting entities will have reporting obligations, which in turn are associated with the issues of disclosure of information on activities and legal liability. Reporting on the sustainable development of enterprises will have a significant impact inter alia on labour, corporate and financial legislation. It will influence information law and privacy legislation, as the data disclosed in a company’s sustainability report will reflect the impact of its activities on social, environmental and governance aspects. Thus, corporate reporting on sustainable development will have a broad impact, comprising both private and public relations, on their legal regulation, and therefore on both private and public law.
Scientific and research institute of providing legal framework for the innovative development
On the formation of new research infrastructures in Ukraine under present conditions
The formation of new research infrastructures in Ukraine has become a critical priority due to the ongoing full-scale war and its impact on the country’s scientific and technological potential. This paper analyzes the current state of Ukrainian research infrastructures, highlighting the damage to material and technical bases, the outflow of human capital, and disruptions in funding. Drawing on international experience from the European Union, the United States, and France, the study identifies effective models of state, private, and municipal research centers, as well as public–private partnerships and international collaborations. The paper emphasizes the importance of resilient, interdisciplinary, and internationally connected infrastructures to ensure Ukraine’s post-war scientific recovery, technological modernization, and global competitiveness. Recommendations focus on creating national science and technology hubs, leveraging international grants, integrating research with industry, and adopting adaptive governance models to enhance the country’s innovation capacity.
Scientific and research institute of providing legal framework for the innovative development of NALS of Ukraine
Organizational and economic mechanism for adapting a company’s marketing strategy in the digital environment
The article explores the theoretical and practical aspects of developing an organizational and economic mechanism for adapting a company’s marketing strategy in the context of digital economic transformation. Emphasis is placed on the need for comprehensive transformation of marketing activities, covering both digital infrastructure (creation of a multilingual website, implementation of CRM, SEO, email marketing) and strategic presence in the international business environment (participation in B2B platforms, content strategies with an environmental focus, international communications). The feasibility of applying a systematic approach to managing marketing changes is substantiated through the implementation of five functional blocks: analytical, strategic, organizational, instrumental, and evaluation-corrective. It is determined that such a mechanism ensures flexibility, adaptability, and stability of the marketing strategy under conditions of external turbulence, wartime economy, limited resources, and intense competition. The practical significance of the findings lies in the ability to apply the proposed mechanism to improve the marketing strategies of enterprises seeking to internationalize, ensure sustainable development, and strengthen competitive positions in the digital economy.
Formation of voter lists: current legal aspects of the application of information and communication technologies
The article is devoted to the consideration of some topical issues of the use of information and communication technologies in the process of forming voter lists. It is noted that under martial law, the development of democratic institutions in Ukraine should be supported by improving electoral legislation and applying the latest innovative technologies. It is established that the proper formation of voter lists and maintaining the electoral register is critically important for ensuring the transparency of the electoral process and the effective implementation of electoral law. The scientific study analyzed the norms of the Electoral Code of Ukraine, the Concept of Creating a Unified Automated Information and Analytical System of the Central Election Commission, and the Strategic Plan of the Central Election Commission for 2020–2025. The opinion is supported that the formation of voter lists is a legal way of confirming the electoral rights of citizens, and namely, digital technologies significantly facilitate the process of their creation. The complexity of the process of forming voter lists is emphasized, which has specific structuring and composition of subjects, differences in the procedure and regulatory framework. Separate provisions of the Law of Ukraine «On the State Register of Voters», which defines the legal and organizational principles for the creation and maintenance of a single State Register of Voters in Ukraine, are considered. In addition, the problem of introducing automated systems that process documents in electronic form and implementing relevant strategic directions is emphasized. It is concluded that, given the large volume of documents processed at the stages of registration and compiling voter lists, in order to ensure their high-quality, fast and effective verification, it is considered advisable to use a single digitalized service to ensure the conduct of these election procedures, which will ensure transparency and efficiency of the specified stages of the election process.
information and communication technologies
Features of legal security of investment funds in the context of sustainable innovative development of the energy system
The article addresses current issues concerning the regulatory framework governing the activities of investment funds in the context of sustainable and innovative development of the energy system. The provisions of the draft Law of Ukraine «On Investment Funds» (Reg. No. 13246 dated 01.05.2025) are analyzed, and the necessity of its improvement is identified, taking into account the dynamic development of the digital economy, financial technologies, as well as Ukraine’s integration commitments within the implementation of EU legal acts. The need to regulate provisions related to grants in the activities of investment funds is emphasized, as this corresponds to the goals of effectively implementing public-private partnerships; to the principles of sustainable development enshrined in EU documents and the Association Agreement with Ukraine; and to the practices of leading jurisdictions in the field of impact asset management. The importance of including provisions in Ukrainian legislation that would promote the establishment of fiscal or other economic incentives for individual Ukrainian citizens to participate in collective investment institutions has been established. The current absence of such provisions is a significant gap. As a result of the conducted research, it is stated that under modern conditions, forming a strategic vision for the development of investment funds is essential, and this vision should be aligned with the priorities of economic development. It is noted that given the active transformation of the investment market under the influence of digital technologies and decentralized capital raising models, fundamental changes to investment legislation are needed to improve and optimize the activities of investment funds, including in order to ensure the sustainable development of innovative energy in Ukraine.
Assessment of the consequences for critical sectors in Ukraine as a result of the 2014–2025 war
This study assesses the consequences of risks for critical infrastructure using the risk matrix method. Objectives include analyzing risk assessment approaches, examining the destruction of Ukraine’s critical infrastructure, and developing evaluation methods for potential threats. The research employs threat analysis, probabilistic risk assessment, and scenario modeling. The study develops an approach to risk assessment for critical infrastructure, considering military threats and cybersecurity challenges. The review highlights the destruction of energy and infrastructure facilities in Ukraine, emphasizing the need for enhanced protection. Research on cyber threats, such as the 2015 cyberattack on Ukraine’s power grid, demonstrates the necessity of modern security measures. The findings can aid in developing restoration strategies and reducing infrastructure vulnerability. The study also explores wartime disruptions to medical institutions, pharmacies, and clinics, classified as Insignificant, Moderate, Severe, or Catastrophic. Minor disruptions cause temporary shortages, while severe cases lead to healthcare system collapse, affecting emergency and routine care. The impact of wartime impacts on education, universities and research institutions has been assessed. Additionally, disruptions to water supply and sewage systems pose major public health risks, potentially leading to widespread disease outbreaks. These insights help policymakers and emergency planners mitigate wartime disruptions.
Instruments of business communication in supporting effective foreign economic operations
The article examines the key tools of business communication that contribute to enhancing the effectiveness of foreign economic activity management in enterprises. It analyzes the role of interpersonal, corporate, and intercultural communication in the process of conducting international business. The emphasis is placed on the importance of mastering modern digital communication tools, particularly CRM systems, electronic document management, video conferencing, and social media as platforms for business dialogue. The paper provides examples of the practical application of communication tools in foreign economic activity and outlines their impact on establishing partnerships, making managerial decisions, and minimizing risks in the international environment. The study concludes that developing a high level of communicative competence among foreign economic activity managers is essential for the successful operation of enterprises in the global market. In the current context of globalization and increasing competition in international markets, the effectiveness of a company's foreign economic activity largely depends on the quality of its business communications. Successful interaction with foreign partners, investors, suppliers, and clients requires not only deep professional knowledge but also a high level of communicative competence. Foreign economic activity managers must possess a wide range of business communication tools—both traditional and digital—that enable effective information exchange, prompt decision-making, and the development of long-term partnerships. In this context, the integration of advanced technologies into the communication process becomes particularly significant, allowing adaptation to the dynamic international environment. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the process of information exchange between business partners within the framework of foreign economic activity management in order to achieve common goals, as such communication occurs between partners from different countries, languages, cultures, and legal systems.
An innovative approach to assessing interest in life safety
Growing risks in the world affect the increase in the level of interest in the issue of life safety and other dangers. Martial law in the country and the increase in global risks pose new tasks for researchers to measure the components of the definition of life safety. The goal is to use an innovative approach to assessing interest in life safety, social dangers and the development of an innovative society. The methodology is to use the online resources of the Google Trends search engine, which allows you to determine the interest of Google users and target groups in the specified topics, analyze search activity in a certain direction, track trends on certain topics in certain periods of time. The assessment was carried out from 2004 to the present of search activity on the topics "life safety" and "social dangers" in the Ukrainian language in Ukraine, which has a stable growth, especially in the last three years of martial law, with regard to social dangers, interest has a low volatility. Interest in the topic of social dangers and innovative society in English in the world is steadily growing, a list of leading countries is highlighted. The applied modern information online search resource Google Trends is effective and practical in use for determining interest and assessing interest in the topics of life safety, social dangers, issues of development of innovative society and other relevant topics. The novelty lies in the further development of comparative analysis of different topics over a long period of measuring trends in different regions and countries in different languages.